Light Introduction
Light is a kind of energy and electromagnetic waves. Optics is a science branch that deals with features and uses of light.
Ray optics or geometrical optics is the branch of optics that treat light as rays. Wave optics is the branch of optics where the wave nature of light is considered.
Reflection of light introduction
Light is a form of energy that travels in all directions from the source and direction which it travels is called Ray of Light.
A bundle of rays constitutes a beam of light. Light falls on the polished surface, reflects back, and follows certain principles.
Laws of Reflection
Plane Mirror
Ray AO is Incident Ray. Ray OB is reflected by Ray. Line ON perpendicular to MM’ is called Normal. Angle made by incident rays with normal (i= angle AON) is called the Angle of Incidence.
Reflected ray OB make and angle r=angle NOB with normal is called the angle of reflection. From the above scenario the Laws of Reflections are:
- The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal, all lie in the same plane.
- The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
Lateral Inversion
Lateral Inversion means sidewise inversion that is the inversion of left and right that occurs in the mirror. Mirror inverts left and right not up and down due to optical illusion and our perception of vision.
Mirror Equation
1/f = 1/u + 1/v
The Mirror equation is the relationship between focal length f, the distance of image v, and distance of object u.
Linear Magnification (m)
An object magnified concerned to object size by a spherical mirror is known as Magnification. Magnification equation is given by m = hi / ho = -v/u
Where hi, is the height of the image, and ho is the object, u is object distance and v is image distance. When there is a negative sign (-) then the magnification that the image is real.
When there is a positive sign (+) then the magnification is virtual.
